Eugenia aromatica

NAME: Eugenia aromatica

FAMILY: Myrtaceae (Myrtle family)

COMMON NAMES: Clove, Clove Tree, Syzygium aromaticum

LOCAL NAMES: N/A

MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION: Eugenia aromatica is an evergreen tree that typically grows up to 8-12 meters in height. It has a pyramidal shape and a dense crown of foliage. The leaves are elliptical, leathery, and have a glossy dark green color. The tree produces small, aromatic flowers that are pale pink to red in color. The flower buds, which are known as cloves, are harvested before they fully open and dried for use.

USEFUL PART(s): The flower buds, commonly known as cloves, are the most useful part of Eugenia aromatica.

GENERAL USES:

  1. Culinary Use: Cloves, derived from the flower buds of Eugenia aromatica, are a popular spice used in cooking and baking. They have a strong, aromatic flavor and are commonly used in both sweet and savory dishes. Cloves are often used in spice blends, teas, marinades, and various traditional cuisines around the world.

  2. Medicinal Use: Cloves have been traditionally used for their medicinal properties. They contain active compounds such as eugenol, which has analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Cloves are used in traditional medicine to relieve toothaches, improve digestion, and provide relief from respiratory conditions.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Eugenia aromatica is native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia. It is also cultivated in other tropical regions, including Zanzibar, Sri Lanka, and India. The tree requires a warm and humid climate to thrive.

WHY IS IT GREEN? Eugenia aromatica, like other plants, appears green due to the presence of chlorophyll in its leaves. Chlorophyll is a pigment that captures sunlight during photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue wavelengths of light while reflecting green light, giving plants their characteristic green color.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: Eugenia aromatica, when cultivated sustainably, can have positive environmental impacts. As an evergreen tree, it contributes to carbon sequestration and helps maintain biodiversity in its native habitat. However, unsustainable harvesting practices or land-use changes can lead to deforestation and habitat loss, impacting local ecosystems.

FUN FACT: Cloves have a long history of use and were highly valued in ancient civilizations. They were highly sought after and played a significant role in the spice trade, which greatly influenced world history. In addition to their culinary and medicinal uses, cloves are also used in perfumes and aromatherapy for their pleasant and aromatic scent.

Further Reading:

  1. "Cloves: The Spice and Its History." By J. H. Cross.

  2. "Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): A Precious Spice." By M. Pushpangadan and others.

  3. "Pharmacological Effects of Eugenol and Its Major Role in Dental Care." By M. Rahman.